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Hawk-Eye is a computer system used in numerous sports such as cricket, tennis, badminton, rugby, football and volleyball, to visually track the trajectory of the ball and display a profile of its statistically most likely path as a moving image. The onscreen representation of the trajectory results is called Shot Spot.
The Sony-owned Hawk-Eye system was developed in the UK by Paul Hawkins. The system was originally implemented in 2001 for television purposes in cricket.
The video from the six cameras is then combined to create a three-dimensional representation of the ball's trajectory.
Hawk- eye technology are mostly flawless so they are generally trusted as an impartial second umpire's opinion
It has been accepted by governing bodies in tennis, cricket and football as a means of decisive judgemental procedure.
The system was rolled out for the 2013-2014 Premier league season as a means of goal-line technology
CRICKET
The technology was first used by channel 4 during a Test match between England and Pakistan on Lord's cricket ground in England on 21 May 2001. It is used primarily by the majority of television networks to track the trajectory of balls in flight. In the winter season of 2008/2009 the ICC trialled a referral system where Hawk-Eye was used for referring decisions to the third umpire if a team disagreed with an LBW decision. The third umpire was able to look at what the ball actually did up to the point when it hit the batsman, but could not look at the predicted flight of the ball after it hit the batsman.
Its major use in cricket broadcasting is in analysing leg before wicket decisions, where the likely path of the ball can be projected forward, through the batsman's legs, to see if it would have hit the stumps. Consultation of the third umpire, for conventional slow motion or Hawk-Eye, on leg before wicket decisions, is currently sanctioned in international cricket even though doubts remain about its accuracy.
The criteria's which need to be followed in order to use hawk eye
Where the ball pitched
The location of impact with the leg of the batsman
The projected path of the ball past the batsman
Hawk eye also provides vital information about the trajectory at which the bowler is bowling. Which in turn is beneficial for batting team as they can analyze the strategy and prepare for it in future
Stadium equipped with Hawk-Eye
Source:pixabay.com
FOOTBALL
Hawk-Eye is one of the goal-line technology(GLT) systems authorised by FIFA. Hawk-Eye tracks the ball, and informs the
Referee if a ball fully crosses the goal line into the goal. The purpose of the system is to eliminate errors in assessing if a goal was scored. GLT is not compulsory and, owing to the cost of Hawk-Eye and its competitors, systems are only deployed in a few high-level competitions. Thus is not popular among various football leagues around the globe.
As of July 2017, licensed Hawk-Eye systems were installed at 96 stadiums. By number of installations, Hawk-Eye is the most popular GLT system. Hawk-Eye is the system used in the Premier League, and Bundesligaamong other leagues.
BADMINTON
BWF (Badminton world federation)introduced Hawk-Eye technology in 2014 after testing other instant review technologies for line call decision in BWF major events.Hawk-Eye's tracking cameras are also used to provide shuttlecock speed and other insight in badminton matches. Hawk-Eye was formally introduced in 2014 Indian super series tournament.
ANOMALIES
Even though hawk eye technology is popular among sports such as tennis, cricket and has embraced since then, there are some criticism regarding its accuracy in delivering the outputs.
They speculated that Hawk-Eye may struggle with predicting the trajectory of a cricket ball after bouncing the time between a ball bouncing and striking the batsman may be too short to generate the three frames (at least) needed to plot a curve accurately.
USE IN SIMULATION
The use of the Hawk-Eye brand and simulation has been licensed to codemasters for use in the video game Brian Lara international cricket 2005 to make the game appear more like television coverage, and subsequently in Brian Lara international cricket 2007, Ashes cricket 2009 and International cricket 2010
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